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Eczema Infantil
What Causes Eczema And How You Can Control It
Dermatitis is inflammation of the skin, and eczema is a specific form of this condition. What causes eczema and how can you control it?
Eczema causes redness, flaking or blistering of the skin. The most common condition among children is called infantile eczema. In most cases, the skin is dry, red and scaly, and a rash appears in small areas, particularly on the cheeks. Milder forms of infantile eczema require no treatment other than applications of a thick moisturizing cream. If the condition worsens, take your child to a physician in which case an antihistamine may be prescribed.
In adults, there are several forms of eczema, including: irritant dermatitis; dyshidrosis, and nummular eczema. The irritant dermatitis is most notably common in older adults in which their skin tends to be dry, especially on the legs. This can lead to mild redness, flaking and irritation. If you constantly use dishwashing liquids, detergents or other household cleaners, these can damage the skin on your hands. Dyshidrosis occurs when itchy blisters show up on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. Some of the blisters burst and ooze and the surrounding areas may become inflamed and tender. The third type of eczema is nummular which is accompanied by disks of red, flaking, itchy skin on the body; most commonly on the arms and legs. While it may last for several months, it usually clears up on its own.
However, you can take preventative measures by following these recommendations: Wool and some synthetic fabrics can irritate your skin. Most people with sensitive skin feel better in clothes made of cotton or a cotton blend. Bathe only with a mild soap and use a small amount of soap when bathing. Keep the water temperature cool or warm, not hot. Soaking in the tub for a short time can be good for your skin because the skin's outer layer can absorb water and become less dry. Soak for 15 to 20 minutes. Then use a soft towel to pat your skin dry without rubbing. Immediately after drying, apply a moisturizer to your skin. This helps seal in the moisture
Try not to scratch the irritated area on your skin even if it itches. Scratching can break the skin. Bacteria can enter these breaks and cause infection. Moisturizing your skin will help prevent itchiness.
You can control the onset of these conditions by using rubber gloves over white cotton gloves for short periods of time when you are in contact with irritants such as dishwater. Dry your hands thoroughly and apply an unscented hand cream as often as possible. If you avoid whatever causes eczema, the condition should disappear within a few weeks. If the condition is beyond your control, seek medical assistance.
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Eczema – Types and Causes of Eczema
Eczema is basically a skin disease typical to youth, but Eczema may occur to the people at any age. Eczema is a specific type of allergic cutaneous manifestation of antigen-antibody reaction. It is characterized by superficial inflammatory oedema of the epidermis associated with vesicle formation. Eczema is characterized by itching, scaling and burning of the skin.
Although eczema can sometimes look unpleasant, it is not contagious. With treatment the inflammation of eczema can be reduced. However, the skin will always be sensitive to flare-ups and need extra care.The term 'Eczema' is a Greek word (Ee means out, and Zeo means boil). The whole word implies 'boil out'. The Hindustani name for eczema is Chambal.
Types of Eczema (Dermatitis)
Allergic contact eczema (dermatitis): a red, itchy, weepy reaction where the skin has come into contact with a substance that the immune system recognizes as foreign, such as poison ivy or certain preservatives in creams and lotions
Contact eczema: a localized reaction that includes redness, itching, and burning where the skin has come into contact with an allergen (an allergy-causing substance) or with an irritant such as an acid, a cleaning agent, or other chemical
Dyshidrotic eczema: irritation of the skin on the palms of hands and soles of the feet characterized by clear, deep blisters that itch and burn
Neurodermatitis: scaly patches of the skin on the head, lower legs, wrists, or forearms caused by a localized itch (such as an insect bite) that become intensely irritated when scratched
Nummular eczema: coin-shaped patches of irritated skin-most common on the arms, back, buttocks, and lower legs-that may be crusted, scaling, and extremely itchy
Causes of Eczema
The cause of the Eczema is unknown. Exciting causes are varied, viz., chemicals, plants, clothing, cosmetics, medicaments, infections, drugs, diet, focal sepsis etc. This is caused by direct contact between the skin and the substance, which might be adetergent, soap, diesel or engine oil, strong chemical, cleaner, etc. Eczema can also be caused by contact with substances that the body has become allergic to, called allergic contact dermatitis. This type commonly involves nickel, poison ivy, cosmetics, and rubber products. Infantile eczema often affects young babies, and is caused by moisture from drool or inflammation of the scalp (cradle cap).
Treatment of Eczema
Following are the treatments for a eczema patient:
1. Use of creams, ointments and shower and bath oils which help to replenish the skin's natural protective oils.
2. Cream or ointment containing a steroid (topical steroid)as prescribed by doctor. These are very effective at reducing inflammation and itch.
3. In moderate to severe atopic eczema, where topical steroid treatment has not worked, your doctor may prescribe a new type of treatment to be applied to the skin (topical treatment). The preparations are made from a type of drug known as immunomodulators (calcineurin inhibitors, eg tacrolimus and pimecrolimus)
4. Antihistamines taken by mouth may be helpful in reducing the itch. Your doctor will advise.
5. If the skin becomes obviously infected, which is more likely as its normal protective surface has been damaged, your doctor will prescribe antibiotics .
6. There are a number of older fashioned remedies which are still effective and may be suggested by your doctor or specialist. For example tars, menthol.
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