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Aromatherapy
How aromatherapy works.
There are two ways in which is essential oils can be absorbed into the bloodstream.
1) Through the skin
Essential oils are absorbed into the body through the skin, by means of diffusion. As the skin is semi-permeable, the essential oils can be absorbed through the sweat pores and the hair follicle. Being fat soluble, the oil dissolves in sebum, produced by the sebaceous glands and passes into the dermis through the capillary network. They are then carried by the blood and lymphatic system throughout the body. This action is enhanced by massage.
Along with having positive effects on all internal systems, essential oils have amazing qualities to address many external conditions, such as skin imbalances. The therapeutic values of essential oils vary greatly from one oil to the next, while at the same time many share qualities. This is why essential oils are used widely in skincare products. These precious oils are often used to treat rosacea, acne, eczema and psoriasis. A skin condition by definition doesn’t need to be present to appreciate the exquisite value of essential oils. They are also valuable additions to skincare products for those with oily skin, sensitive skin, dry skin, mature skin and even normal skin. Essential oils are now commonly found in good skincare products, including cleansers and facial washes, toners, moisturisers and masks.
2) Through Respiration.
Being Volatile, the Essential Oils quickly and easily become gaseous in nature. These molecules are inhaled and pass through the respiratory system until reaching the alveoli. This is where gaseous exchange takes place. The alveoli are surrounded by a network of capillaries and a membrane of simple epithelial cells. The inhaled essential oil molecules diffuse through this membrane and are transported in tissue fluids. The essential oil molecules can also dissolve in mucous in the inner nasal cavity or be transported to the olfactory nerves by electrochemical message.
Essential oils have three distinct modes of action:
- Pharmacological action- the reaction with hormones and enzymes.
- Physiological effect - the physical effect on all systems of the body, including its largest organ, the skin.
- Psychological effect - how it affects the mind, i.e. sense of well-being, calms the mind.
Purity of Essential Oils
The most common method used to check the purity of essential oils is gas liquid chromatography (GLC). Chromatography is a method of separating substances in a mixture, showing its chemical make-up. A small quantity of essential oil is injected and to a fine, coiled, tubular column and is filled with an absorbent material. The coil has gas flowing through it and is fitted within a temperature- controlled oven. The heat causes the lighter components to be carried along the column more quickly. The time it takes for each component to pass along the column is called retention time. The reading for each batch is compared with an original copy and any variances may indicate that the essential oil has been adulterated. Each essential oil is then given a certificate stating its authenticity and batch number confirming its purity.
This is of huge importance when selecting skin care products. The quality and therapeutic value of the each essential oil is based on the integrity of those using them in products. At www.synergyskincare.ie , every effort is made to source only the highest quality and purest of essential oils from around the world.
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Can a test for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy or PML provide better safety and comfort for patients taking Tysabri, Raptiva and other powerful immunosuppressant drugs? The manufacturer of Tysabri is betting that it will, the company recently announced that it is working on a new test to detect the virus that causes PML. The test could not only be a breakthrough for Tysabri patients but patients taking all powerful immunosuppressant drugs that can lead to PML and other opportunistic infections.
While Tysabri is probably the drug most associated with PML, it is not the only drug that can cause the disease. Recently, the FDA warned that the psoriasis drug Raptiva was responsible for several cases of PML. When Tysabri was first linked to PML the drug was removed from the market, but later returned to the delight of thousands of MS patients who swear by the drug.
There are very few treatment options available for patients diagnosed with PML. However, this is in a large part due to the fact that the disease is usually not discovered until it's very far advanced. If PML could be detected earlier it is believed that patients might benefit from plasma exchange. It is not clear how successful this treatment would be in PML patients or how early the disease would need to be detected.
When Tysabri returned to the market, Biogen and Elan worked with the FDA to implement one of the most thorough patient warnings ever. After being provided extensive information about the drug's risks, patients are required to sign a document acknowledging that they are aware of the potential risks of the drug. Unfortunately, the other manufacturers of powerful immunosuppressant drugs have not added such detailed warnings to their drugs.
The question of risk/reward has also surfaced with respect to PML and these powerful drugs. Many multiple sclerosis patients demanded the availability of Tysabri arguing that their daily lives were full of extreme pain and Tysabri was their only hope for relief. They were aware of the risks of the drug, but they were willing to take the risk in order to relieve their pain. However, a drug like Raptiva treats psoriasis which is generally not considered to be nearly as serious as multiple sclerosis. With other psoriasis treatments available and the fact that the disease itself is usually not as serious as MS, is it worth taking a risky drug to treat it?
It is also important to realize that Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy PML is just one of the many serious infections that can develop when medication is intentionally suppressing your immune system. As these drugs gain popularity, it would not be surprising to learn of patients taking these drugs being diagnosed with other opportunistic infections.
A test to detect Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy PML might be available by the end of the 2009. This might make powerful immunosuppressant drugs like Tysabari, Raptiva, Enbrel, Remicade and Humira more safe. PML is caused by the JC Virus which is present in all humans but is kept in check by our immune systems. However, these drugs suppress our immune systems and make the spread of these diseases possible.
